河南省平顶山市第一中学2019-2020高二英语下学期开学考试试题（附答案Word版）
河南省平顶山市第一中学2019-2020高二英语下学期开学考试试题（附答案Word版）,高二英语下学期开学考试试题,莲山课件.
英语试题
试卷分第一卷（选择题）和第二卷（非选择题）两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
第Ⅰ卷 （选择题，共100分）（请将答案填涂到答题纸上）
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30 分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你有两分钟将答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节：听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man suggest drinking?
A. Tea. B. Coffee. C. Cold water.
2. What do we know about the woman?
A. She will go to school.
B. She won’t go to the library.
C. She is willing to help the man.
3. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. On a farm.
B. In a bookstore.
C. In a supermarket.
4. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Policeman and driver.
B. Teacher and student.
C. Boss and secretary.
5. What does the man plan to do this weekend?
A. Buy some furniture.
B. Go out with some friends.
C. Entertain some friends at home.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6~8小题。
6. What is wrong with the man?
A. He feels tired and sad.
B. He eats less every day.
C. He keeps awake at night.
7. What do we know about the man?
A. He is a student.
B. He is a foreigner.
C. He is seriously ill.
8. Why does the woman know so much about cultural shock?
A. She is an expert.
B. She has heard about it.
C. She has the similar experience.
听第7段材料，回答第9~11小题。
9. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. The first day at a new job.
B. A usual day at work.
C. A new boss.
10. What does the woman think of her boss?
A. Indifferent.
B. Supportive.
C. Inexperienced.
11. What do we know about the woman?
A. She has a good overtime pay.
B. She often works late at night.
C. She had a hard time at work today.
听第8段材料，回答第12~14小题。
12. What does the woman say about the sports centre?
A. It was small.
B. It was noisy.
C. It was expensive.
13. Why didn’t the woman stay in the café?
A. It was not clean.
B. The service was bad.
C. She had an appointment.
14. What does the man suggest doing right now?
A. Playing tennis.
B. Going to a club.
C. Swimming in the river.
听第9段材料，回答第15~17小题。
15. What probably is the man?
A. A doctor.
B. A lawyer.
C. An architect.
16. How will the man get to the bus station tomorrow morning?
A. He will walk there.
B. He will go there in his car.
C. His wife will take him there.
17. When will the man take the return bus tomorrow?
A. At 6:30 p.m.
B. At 8:00 p.m.
C. At 9:30 p.m.
听第10段材料，回答第18~20小题。
18. Who can join the Road Safety Team?
A. Students in Junior 1 and 2.
B. Students in Senior 2 and 3.
C. Students in Senior 1 and 2.
19. What can students get from Miss Mailer?
A. A book. B. A letter. C. A picture.
20. What activity is the team also organizing?
A. A short quiz.
B. A writing competition.
C. A poster design competition.
第二部分： 阅读理解（共两节，满分40 分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Coronaviruses are a large group of viruses. They consist of a core of genetic material(遗传物质) surrounded by an envelope with protein spikes(蛋白棘突). This gives it the appearance of a crown. Crown in Latin is called “corona” and that’s how these viruses get their name. In this text, we’ll take a quick look at what’s currently known about the virus.
Covid-2019
The 2019 Novel Coronavirus, first reported December in Wuhan, central China’s Hubei Province, has quickly spread across the country and around the world. It initially occurred in a group of people with pneumonia（肺炎） who’d been associated with a seafood and live animal market in the city of Wuhan.
Intermediate hosts: The Covid-2019 may originate in bats, a team led by renowned Chinese virologist Shi Zhengli said earlier, while the intermediary host remains unknown.
Incubation period(潜伏期): usually 1-14 days.
Infection: Virus may spread before symptoms show.
SARS-CoV
The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) coronavirus was first identified in China in 2003 .
Intermediate hosts: Bats are the original host. Civet cats serve as an important intermediary that carries virus from the winged mammal to humans.
Incubation period: 2-7 days.
Infection: Virus spread after symptoms show.
MERS-CoV
The Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS中东呼吸综合征) coronavirus was first identified in Saudi Arabia in 2012.
Intermediate hosts: MERS-CoV was travelled from dromedary camel to humans.
Incubation period: 2-14 days.
Infection: Virus may spread before symptoms show.
21. What might be the intermediate hosts of the Covid-2019?
A. Bats. B. Mosquitoes C. Camel. D. Unknown yet.
22.Which kind of coronaviruses spreads after symptoms appear?
A. The Covid-2019. B. MERS-CoV. C. SARS-CoV. D. All Coronaviruses.
23. What can we learn about coronaviruses ?
A. Bats are to blame for the outbreak of all the three coronaviruses.
B. Mers-Cov were first identified in China.
C. SARS-Cov has a longer incubation period than Mers-cov.
D. The Covid-2019, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV are all listed as coronaviruses.
B
In the trailer (拖车式房屋)，Sischo was refreshing the snails’(蜗牛)accommodations–an ongoing routine that takes days of careful work. He had found a dozen of Achatinella bulimoides–a third of the world’s population of the species. Once every individual was accounted for, he cleaned the cage and packed in new leaves. The work took much trouble, but the responsibility, he said, was like “a heavy weight sitting on you.”
The trailer is very vulnerable. It’s designed to keep away would-be thieved, and to resist hurricanes. But a fire could easily destroy it, or a disease could sweep through it. Last September , a mystery pathogon(病原体)appeared to have entered the trailer on leaves fed to the snails, killing almost the entire species. As sad as the event was, there’s no good way to insure against future catastrophe. The snails can’t simply be spread among zoos or other facilities: they need special equipment, experienced handlers, and a diet of native Hawaiian plants.
Consequently, it can be hard for the snails’ caretaker to relax, even when he is outside the trailer. “How do you switch off when your decisions mean existence or extinction?” Sischo said. While action lightens the burden, yet with animals whose natural history is largely unknown, that action can be dangerous. “If you do it wrong, the snails die.”
Snails are neither intelligent nor beloved. Sischo’s friends sometimes tease him about being “the strange snail guy; strangers ask why he cares. It’s hard to convince people, but he insists that if he can just get them in the trailer, they will understand why the Achatinella bulimoides are worth saving. “People melt,” he said，“When you show them that the entire population is in this chamber, it hits them.”
24. What is the trailer used for?
A. Accommodating guests B. Sheltering snails
C. Planting vegetables. D. Alarming thieves.
25. What does the underlined word “vulnerable” mean in paragraph?
A. Quite B. Safe. C Easily affected. D. Well protected.
26. What is the snail minder’ attitude towards his job?
A. Relaxed B. Confident. C. Cautious D. Disapproving
27. Which of the following could be the best title for the text?
A. The Last of Its Kind B. The Worst of Times
C. Mourn Its Loss D. Resist Possible Dangerous
C
In the old days, when you had to drive to a movie theater or to a video store to get some entertainment, it was easy to see how your actions could have an impact on the environment. You were hopping into your car, driving across town and coughing out emissions(排放)and using gas all the way.
But now that we’re used to staying at home and streaming movies, we might get a little cocky. After all, we’re just picking up our phones or maybe turning on the TV. You’re welcome. Mother Nature.
Not so fast, says a recent report from the French-based Shit Project. Watching a half-hour show would lead to 3.5 pounds of CO2 emissions. That’s like driving 3.9 miles. According to “Climate Crisis: The Unsustainable Use of Online Video,” digital technologies are responsible for 4% of greenhouse gas emissions, and that energy use is increasing by 9% a year. Stored in data centers, videos are transferred to our terminals such as computers, smart phones, etc. via networks. All these processes require electricity whose production consumes resources and usually involves CO2 emissions.
In the European Union, the Eureca project lead scientist, Rabih Bashroush, calculated that 5 billion downloads and streams of the song “Despacito” consumed as much electricity as the countries of Chad, Guinea-Bissau, Somalia, Sierra Leone and the Central African Republic used in a single year.
Streaming is only expected to increase as we become more attached to our devices. Online video use is expected to account for 80% of all internet traffic by 2022 according to CISCO. By then, about 60% of the world’s population will be online.
You’re probably not going to give up your streaming services, but there are things you con do to help lessen the impact of your online use.
Here are some tips:
※Disable autoplay(自动播放) for video on social media.
※Stream over Wi-Fi, not mobile networks.
※Watch on the smallest screen you can.
※Don’t use high-definition(高清)video on devices.
28. It can be inferred from paragraph 2 that people think .
A. they should welcome Mother Nature
B. watching movies at home is more fun
C. it is inconvenient to drive to a movie theater
D. streaming at home avoids possible emissions
29. We may learn from the text that .
A. driving 3.9 miles may produce 3.5 pounds of CO2
B. digital technologies account for 4% of electricity use
C. Online video use makes up 80% of all internet traffic
D. 60% of the world’s population watch videos online
30. Why are the five countries mentioned in paragraph 4?
A. To praise their energy-efficient practice.
B. To prove the poverty of the five countries
C. To show the high energy use of downloads and streams
D. To stress the popularity of the song “Despacito”
31. How can people help to save energy when streaming?
A. Use high-definition videos. B. Turn off video autoplay
C. Stream over mobile networks. D. Watch movies on bigger screens.
D
Computers are increasingly competing against humans to see whether man or the machine is more intelligent．In the latest show of artificial intelligence or AI，a computer went up against humans in live，public debates．The debates — held in San Francisco，June，2018 — provided a new example of how computers are fast improving to think and sound more like humans．
An AI system developed by major technology company IBM participated in the event．It is called Project Debater．IBM said it is the first time ever that an AI system has competed in a live， public debate with humans．Two separate debates were held between a computer and two human debaters．
The company preselected possible subjects for discussion，but said neither the computer nor the humans knew the chosen subject before the debate．The discussions were set up in a similar way to most political debates．After preparing arguments，both sides got the chance to present a four-minute opening statement．Then came four-minute rebuttals(反驳)，followed by closing statements．
In one debate，IBM’s computer battled Noa Ovadia，a former national debate champion．The AI system made a case in favor of the government subsidizing(补贴) space research．It pulled in evidence from its huge supply of information from newspapers，journals and other sources．Ovadia took the opposite position，arguing that the government could better serve the people by providing financial assistance to programs other than space exploration．
Following closing statements from both sides，reporters and other attendees gave their opinions on the results．IBM reported that a majority of those who watched the debate said they believed Project Debater had improved their knowledge of the subject more than the human debater．On the other hand，the human debater got praise for better communicating her ideas．
32．Why was the debate between man and the computer held?
A．To introduce a new product of IBM．
B．To show the latest development of AI．
C．To prove the computer is smarter than man．
D．To discover public views about space research．
33．What is Project Debater?
A．A live public debate． B．A debating project．
C．A technology company． D．An AI system．
34．What’s the audience’s view about the debate?
A．Each side has its own advantages．
B．Neither side has performed well．
C．The computer has better communication skills．
D．Ovadia has beaten the computer．
35．What might be talked about next?
A．Disadvantages of the debaters． B．Something about the second debate．
C．More views about the debates． D．Lessons learned from the debates
第二节(共5小题:每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A Housewarming Party
A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves into a new apartment or house．The person or people who bought the apartment or house or moved are the ones who throw the party． 36 It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like． It is an opportunity to fill the new space with love and hopeful presents．
It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party． 37 Some common items(物品) people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and items like curtains. Even if there isn’t a registry，a good housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house with，like， a piece of art or a plant． 38 This is often appreciated since at a housewarming party there isn’t a lot of food served, usually just appetizers or sandwiches．
39 The host or hostess of the party will, however, probably give all the guests a tour of their new home．Sometimes，because a housewarming party happens shortly after a person moves into a new home，people may be asked to help unpack boxes．This isn’t usual though．
Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually bring firewood to a new home as a gift so that the person could keep the home warm for the winter． 40
A．You can also bring food or drinks to share．
B．Different activities are held to make guests satisfied．
C．There are usually no planned activities at a housewarming party．
D．Now most homes substitute(替代) fires with central heating to keep warm．
E．Different people hold or attend housewarming parties for various reasons．
F．Some people register a list of things they would like to give as gifts at local stores．
G．The party is an opportunity for friends and family to congratulate the person or people on the new home．
第三部分英语知识运用 (共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题:每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Not many 17-year-old girls know how to solder(焊)copper pipes together or clean the mess of plumbing(管道). These are___41___I’ve learned as an assistant to my___42___in his plumbing job.
My summer job deals with messes that constantly arouse physical and mental 43_____, and the work demands an attitude of determination and 44____ that I frequently struggle to adopt.
Each morning, I wrestle myself into large-thick men’s jeans most girls would___45___to wear. I always 46____ my hair back as I run out the door and climb into the passenger seat of the plumber truck. As my 47____ begin babysitting, or selling groceries, my dad and I carry___48___toolboxes and work in the dark basements. I often become 49___about looking for tools in messy storage boxes. Nothing around is beautiful or tidy.
Sometimes I___50___why I stand the dust and sweat when I could be in my air-conditioned house doing summer homework. Yet as much as I___51___the mess of plumbing. I look down upon myself for being so easily annoyed by disorder.___52___, the world was built by people willing to get their hands___53___.
Five such summers have___54___me that the messy parts of people’s houses___55___the messy parts of their lives. As I learn to___56___the mess, I also learn to handle the___57___and the troubles in my adolescence. Life is a process of accepting___58___and learning to put it in order. Plumbing work is no different. And when customers express___59___, I understand that, in a small way, we bring___60___to their lives.
41. A. skills B. manners C. facts D. rules
42. A. brother B. dad C. teacher D. friend
43. A. disability B. discomfort C. noises D. exercises
44. A. patience B. kindness C. love D. hope
45. A. need B. expect C. choose D. refuse
46. A. look B. pack C. tie D. hold
47. A. families B. relatives C. classmates D. teachers
48. A. fancy B. small C. expensive D. heavy
49. A. upset B. worried C. quiet D. interested
50. A. know B. question C. imagine D. remember
51. A. adjust B. clean C. hate D. create
52. A. Or rather B. At least C. After all D. In addition
53. A. full B. dirty C. firm D. free
54. A. taught B. promised C. advised D. guaranteed
55. A. examine B. divide C. reduce D. reflect
56. A. sort out B. care about C. hunt for D. give up
57. A. arrangements B. uncertainties C. competitions D. expectations
58. A. failure B. help C. change D. chaos
59. A. sympathy B. suspicion C. appreciation D. disapproval
60. A. peace B. success C. wonder D. order
第II卷 非选择题
注意：将答案写在答题纸上。写在本试卷上无效。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Li Ziqi, a young Chinese girl of the post-1990 generation, 61____(become) a new online celebrity worldwide over the past few years. She started shooting short videos in 2016, 62___ was inspired by the self-sufficient(自足的) lifestyle of ancient Chinese people. Most viewers found that the lifestyle and the picturesque landscapes in Li’s videos enable them 63___(find) inner peace and give them a break from their stressful and busy urban routine. The spirit of struggling 64__ independence and self-reliance conveyed by her life experience has attracted great attention at home and abroad. Nowadays she 65____(have) more than 18 million followers on Sina Weibo, and more than six million fans on YouTube. These numbers make Li 66___ second most influential vlogger from China on international video-sharing platforms.
Apart from showing how to cook, Li has even demonstrated other ancient 67______(skill), such as embroidery(刺绣), movable-type printing（活字印刷）, dyeing(染) cloth and making furniture. She has spent two years 68_____(make) paper from tree bark, brushes out of rabbit hair, and other things with 69____(nature) materials. What’s more, her house and clothing integrate into(融入) her traditional lifestyle 70_____(perfect). Li says, “As an increasingly influential vlogger, I hope I can show the world the splendid cultural heritage of China.”
第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节短文改错(共10小题:每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(ˆ), 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余 词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Last week, I planned to pay a visit my grandparents. They were so exciting to hear the news because we have not seen each other for a long time. But my best friend invited I to take part in his birthday party and share his happy. When I thought of a promise that I had made it, I found it hard to make a decision. Eventually I chose to refusing my friend’s invitation. Seeing my grandparents smile and the deliciously food they cooked for me, I knew 1 did something correct. We must keep our promise, and we will lose trust from others.
第二节书面表达 (满分25分)
假设你是李华，你的美国朋友 Jonah得知你即将到美国旅游。他来信询问你是否方便带点中国特产给他，请你根据以下要点给他写一封回信。
1.表示愿意；
2.介绍特产(茶、丝绸等);
3.询问要求(种类、数量、预算等)。
注意:1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
3.开头和结尾已为你写好，但不计入总数。
参考词汇:特产 local special products 预算budget
Dear Jonah,
I’m glad to know you are interested in Chinese local special products….____________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
英语答案
一、听力
1-5 CBCAC 6-10 ABCAB 11-15 ABACB 16-20 CBCBC
二、阅读理解
21-23 DCD 24-27 BCCA 28-31 DACB 32-35 BDAB
三、七选五
36-40 GFACD
四、完形填空
41-45 ABBAD 46-50 CCDAB 51-55 CCBAD 56-60 ABDCD
五、语法填空
61. has become 62. which 63. to find 64. for 65. has
66. the 67. skills 68. making 69. natural 70. perfectly
六、改错
1.visit后加to
2. exciting→excited
3.have→had
4. I→me
5.happy→happiness
6.a→the
7.去掉it
8 refusing→refuse
9.deliciously→delicious
10.and→or
七、写作范文
Dear Jonah,
I’m glad to know you are interested in Chinese local special products and I’m more than pleased to help you buy some.
Here is my recommendation. Our tea will be a good choice, for it is beneficial to health, but I wonder whether you like green tea or black tea. Besides, various silk clothes are also popular with foreigners. Bowls, plates and cups made of china are worth considering, too. Which do you prefer? In addition, these items are of different prices. Would you like to tell me your budget on them as well as the amount you need? Please let me know the details and I will try my best to meet your requirements.
Looking forward to meeting you in the USA.
Yours,
Li HIua
听力原文：
Text 1
W: Shall we have some tea or coffee?
M: I think a glass of cold water would be better.There is nothing like it when the weather is so hot.
Text 2
M：Would you please drop this book off at the library for me when you go to school?
W:I would if I were going，but I have to work today.
Text 3
W:Excuse me.Could you please tell me where the cheese is? I want to buy some cheese.
M：Sure.It’s next to the milk.Over in the dairy section.
Text 4
M：Excuse me，Miss.You can’t park here.
W:But it’s only for a few minutes，sir.I’m waiting for a friend.
M：This is a taxi park.You can park in the car park round the corner over there.
Text 5
W:How is your new apartment?
M：It’s great.I live on the top floor of a six-story building.And I just bought the furniture.
W：I’d love to see it.
M：No problem.I’ll invite you and other friends over for dinner this weekend.
Text 6
W: You look a little down.Are you OK?
M： I’m not sure.I’m always tired，but I sleep a lot.
W: How long has this been going on?
M： About a month.I’m in low spirits，too.
W: Are you having fun with friends?
M： No，I don’t feel like going out.
W: You know，you might have culture shock.
M: What’s that?
W: When you live in another country，it can be a big shock to your system.People get different symptoms.For example，some people eat a lot，some people don’t eat enough.
M： How do you know so much about it?
W: I got it when I moved to Hong Kong.But it went away after a few months.
Text 7
M： Hey，Laura.How was your day?
W: I had a great day.This was my first day at my new job.I thought it was going to be a dull place，but it was fun.
M： Good.How were the people?
W: Well，I was surprised that my boss was actually supportive and really nice.In fact，all the partners there seemed to be very nice，and they welcomed me in.I was worried that they might give me a hard time because I’m new and I’m inexperienced，but they didn’t.
M： Oh，that’s great.Are you looking forward to going back tomorrow?
W: I really am.I’m working late tomorrow night and they do pay good overtime，so I’ll make a bit more money.
M： That’s terrific.
Text 8
M： What did you do yesterday，Sophie?
W: I went swimming at the sports centre because it was so hot，but it was too noisy for me.There were a lot of people in the pool.
M： So was it difficult to find a space in the car park there?
W: Yes! It’s not big enough.
M： Did you go to the café?
W: Yes，for a cold drink.But I didn’t stay.The tables and floor weren’t clean.
M： Ugh! But I hear they have a good football club there.
W: That’s right.My brother wanted to go there but it starts too late in the evening for him. It’s a pity because it’s not an expensive club.
M： Can you learn tennis there?
W: I called about lessons but they cost too much.
M： I’ll teach you tennis，but not today.It’s too hot.Let’s go for a cold swim in the river.
Text 9
M：Hi, Anna.I’d like to buy a ticket to Chicago，please.
W: Oh，what time do you want to leave，Mr Robinson?
M： Well，tomorrow morning，as early as I can.I’ve got to see a client and appear in court before noon.
W: There’s a bus every thirty minutes starting at 5:30 a.m.
M： Then，I’d like to leave at that time.Wait …my wife’s going to drop me off here on her way to work.Could you give me a 6:30 ticket instead?
W: Sure.Will that be one-way or round-trip?
M： Oh，I probably should buy a round-trip ticket now because I’ll be coming back tomorrow evening.
W:Do you know what time tomorrow evening?
M： Uh，do you have a bus that comes around 8:00?
W: Yes，there’s one at 8 o’clock.
M： Okay，I’ll take that.I told my wife that we’d go to see a movie at 9:30.
Text 10
Good morning.Here’s an announcement about our School Road Safety Team.The team was set up fifty years ago and it’s looking for new members.If you’re in Senior 1 and 2，you’re welcome to join.The team has meetings every Friday between three and four.If you’re interested，please go to Miss Mailer during lunchtime today and get a letter for your parents to sign.There are only twenty places.
The team is also organizing a “Road Safety Poster Design Competition”. You must hand in your work by the fifteenth.To find out more，please read the information on the Road Safety Team noticeboard.This is the end of the announcement.Thank you.
B阅读
本文为说明文。主要说明为了拯救濒临灭绝的蜗牛物种，人类为它们制作了特殊的设备—拖车式房屋，经验丰富的驯养员和夏威夷本地植物的饮食，这些都有益于蜗牛的保护。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的内容“The trailer… It’s designed to keep away would-be thieved, and to resist hurricanes. But a fire could easily destroy it, or a disease could sweep through it. …As sad as the event was, there’s no good way to insure against future catastrophe. The snails can’t simply be spread among zoos or other facilities: they need special equipment…”可知，拖车房屋很脆弱。它的设计是为了避免可能被盗，抵御飓风。但是火灾很容易摧毁它，或者疾病可以席卷它。……，但没有好的办法来防止未来的灾难。蜗牛不能简单地在动物园或其他设施中生存：它们需要特殊的设备…。这个特殊的设备就是the trailer。由此可知，这个和the trailer 是给蜗牛住的房子，是收容蜗牛，为其遮风挡雨的。分析选项可知，故B项符合题意。
【25题详解】
猜测词义题。根据划线词The trailer is very vulnerable后的内容 “ It’s designed to keep away would-be thieved, and to resist hurricanes. But a fire could easily destroy it, or a disease could sweep through it. Last September , a mystery pathogen appeared to have entered the trailer on leaves fed to the snails, killing almost an entire species.”拖车房屋的设计是为了防止潜在的盗窃，并抵御飓风。但是一场火灾可以轻易地摧毁它，或者一种疾病可以席卷它。由此可推断出，这种拖车房屋很容易被火烧，疾病可摧毁它，所以它是易受其他因素影响的。故选C。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段it can be hard for the snails’ minders to relax, even when they are outside the trailer…. “How do you switch off when your decisions mean existence or extinction? yet with animals whose natural history is largely unknown, that action can be dangerous. “If you do it wrong, the snails die.”蜗牛的看护人员即使在拖车房外也很难放松…“你的决定会影响它们的生存或毁灭，你怎么能不担心呢？”但对于自然基本一无所知的动物来说，这种行动可能是危险的。如果你做错了，蜗牛就会死。由此可知，蜗牛看护者对待他们的态度是谨慎小心的。分析选项A. Relaxed.放松的；B. Confident自信的； C. Cautious谨慎小心的；D. Disapproving反对的。可知C项符合题意，故选C。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“…. He had found a dozen of Achatinella bulimoides –a third of the world’s population of the species”一天他发现了12只蜗牛，占世界该蜗牛总数的三分之一。第二段中的“Last September , a mystery pathogon(病原体)appeared to have entered the trailer on leaves fed to the snails, killing almost an entire species.” 去年9月,一个谜似的 (病原体进入了拖车中蜗牛吃的树叶, 几乎杀死整个物种。第三段中的“How do you switch off when your decisions mean existence or extinction?” Sischo said。“你的决定会影响它们的生存或毁灭，你怎么能不担心呢？你的决定会影响它们的生存或毁灭，你怎么能不担心呢？”由此可推断出：这种蜗牛的数量极少，也就是说“这种物种最后的几条蜗牛“。分析选项可知A项“这种物种最后的几条蜗牛”为短文最佳标题。故选A。
【点睛】在阅读中我们经常会考查猜测词义题。事实上，阅读材料中的每个词与它前后的词语或句子甚至段落都有联系。运用逻辑推理猜测词义是使用最广考查最多也最易失分的猜词方式，这要求考生具备整合分散、复杂信息的能力，充分利用上下文(各种已知信息)并结合具体的语境推测、判断某些词或短语的词义。如第2小题属于猜测词义题。根据划线词The trailer is very vulnerable后的内容“ It’s designed to keep away would-be thieved, and to resist hurricanes. But a fire could easily destroy it, or a disease could sweep through it. Last September , a mystery pathogen appeared to have entered the trailer on leaves fed to the snails, killing almost an entire species.”拖车房屋的设计是为了防止潜在的盗窃，并抵御飓风。但是一场火灾可以轻易地摧毁它，或者一种疾病可以席卷它。由此可推断出，
江西省宜春市上高二中2019-2020高二英语下学期第一次月考试题（含答案Word版）
江西省宜春市上高二中2019-2020高二英语下学期第一次月考试题（含答案Word版）,高二英语下学期第一次月考试题,莲山课件.
这种拖车房屋很容易被火烧，疾病可摧毁它，所以它是易受其他因素影响的。故选C。
C阅读
本文为说明文。以前，我们开车去看电影或购物，会排放二氧化碳，消费自然资源。而现在我们习惯了在家里看流媒体电影，避免了排放二氧化碳。但是看自媒体会消耗能源，排放二氧化碳。有报告说，下载和流媒体的能耗非常高。文章提供了如何在使用流媒体时尽可能地减少在线时间节约能源的方法。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。第一段In the old days, when you had to drive to a movie theater or to a video store to get some entertainment, it was easy to see how your actions could have an impact om the environment….driving across town and coughing out emissions(排放)and using gas all the way.中提出：以前我们开车去看电影或买东西时很容易对环境造成影响，不仅增加排放，还消费自然资源。第二段承接上文说“But now that we’re used to staying at home and streaming movies,….You’re welcome. Mother Nature”而现在人们习惯在家里利用流媒体上看电影，也就不用开车去外面，就避免了排放。 分析选项可知，家庭流媒体避免了可能的气体排放。故选D。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Watching a half-hour show would lead to 3.5 pounds of CO2 emissions. That’s like driving 3.9 miles. … digital technologies are responsible for 4% of greenhouse gas emissions,” 看半小时的节目要排放3.5磅的二氧化碳。这相当于开车3.9英里排放。数字技术造成了4%的温室气体排放…。可知A项(3.9英里可能会产生3.5磅的二氧化碳)是正确。而B项(数字技术占用电量的4%)是错误的。倒数第二段“Online video use is expected to account for 80%of all internet traffic by 2022 according to CISCO. By then, about 60% of the world’s population will be online.”到2022年，在线视频的使用预计将占所有互联网流量的80%。届时，全球约60%的人口会上网。可知，C和D项的内容是在2022年才会发生，把未做当成已发生的。故C和D是错误的。故A是正确。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段提及这五个国家的前面内容“In the European Union, the Eureca project lead scientist, Rabih Bashroush, calculated that 5 billion downloads and streams of the song “Despacito” consumed as much electricity as the countries of Chad, Guinea-Bissau, Somalia, Sierra Leone and the Central African Republic used in a single year.” 在欧盟，欧洲经委会项目首席科学家拉比·巴什鲁什计算出，《Despacito》歌曲的50亿次下载和流媒体消耗的电力相当于乍得、几内亚比绍、索马里、塞拉利昂和中非共和国等国一年使用的电力。由此推断出的这五个国家是来说明下载和流媒体的能耗非常高。故选C。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。倒数第二段提出“You’re probably not going to give up your streaming services, but there are things you can do to help lessen the impact of your online use.” 你可能不会放弃流媒体服务，但你可以做一些事情来帮助减少在线造成的影响。接着提出四点节省能源的忠告“Here are some tips: Disable auto play for video on social media.；Stream over Wi-Fi, not mobile networks；Watch on the smallest screen you can；Don’t use high-definition video on devices.”可知，所给的四点节能的忠告为：在社交媒体上禁用视频自动播放功能；通过Wi-Fi传输，而不是移动网络；尽量用最小的屏幕观看；不要使用高清视频设备。由此可知B项(关闭自动播放功能)符合节省能源的第2点的要求(在社交媒体上禁用视频自动播放功能)。可知B项符合题意，故选B。
D阅读
【备注】本文是一篇科普说明文，介绍了近期在旧金山举办的人机辩论赛的相关情况，包括举办的目的，辩论的过程和人们对辩论结果的评价等。
32．B【解析】考查细节理解。文章首段中便说明了举办人机辩论赛的目的”In the latest show of artificial intelligence or AI．．． The debates — held in San Francisco， June， 2018 — provided a new example of how computers are fast improving to think and sound more like humans”，即展示人工智能的最新发展。故选B项。第二段仅仅提到参与人机辩论的人工智能是IBM公司研发的，但没有提到辩论的目的是介绍这个新产品，排除A项；根据第一段第一句”Computers are increasingly competing against humans to see whether man or the machine is more intelligent”可知，辩论的目的不是证明电脑比人类更聪明，排除C项；文章提到第一场辩论赛的主题是政府是否应该补贴太空研究，D项所表述的”了解大众对太空研究的观点”无中生有，跟举行辩论赛的目的毫无关系，故应排除。
33．D【解析】考查细节理解。第二段提到”An AI system developed by major technology company IBM participated in the event． It is called Project Debater”，由此可以得知，Project Debater指的是一个人工智能系统。故选D项。
34．A【解析】考查推理判断。文章的最后一段提到了观看辩论赛的人们对这场辩论的看法，其中大部分人认为人工智能系统提高了他们对这个辩论话题的理解，同时人类辩手能更好地传达自己的想法，即”各有所长”。最后一段只提到了观众对辩论双方的肯定，没有提到对他们的否定看法，排除B项(双方表现都不好)；根据最后一段中的”On the other hand， the human debater got praise for better communicating her ideas”可知，人类辩手传达观点的能力更强，排除C项；文中并未提到辩论赛的胜利方是谁，故D项应排除。
35．B【解析】考查文章结构。文章的第二段说明这次辩论赛有两场(Two separate debates)，接下来介绍了第一场(In one debate)的相关情况，从行文逻辑的角度可推知，随后应介绍第二场比赛的相关情况。故选B项。本题考生容易误选A项或C项，考生想当然地以为下文还是有关第一场比赛的两位辩手的，但是忽略了文章前面提到的两场辩论赛的信息。如果接下来还是介绍有关第一场辩论赛的信息，那么本文结构就不完整了，作者也就没有必要在前面提到”Two separate debates”和”In one debate”。
七选五
【备注】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了”燎锅底”(housewarming party)这一风俗习惯的意义、方式和由来。
36．G【解析】文章第一段介绍了”燎锅底”的概念及意义，空后的”It also gives people a chance to see．．．like”说明这种风俗习惯的意义，其中的”also”表明空处也是说明其意义的。故G项(这个聚会让朋友和家人有机会祝贺这个人或这些人乔迁新居)符合语境。
37．F【解析】该段的第一句引出该段主题，即参加这种聚会是要带礼物的，所以接下来就应该说明如何选礼物。空后一句中的items和put on a gift registry与F选项中的”register” “a list of things”呼应。
38．A【解析】根据上题的解释，这一段是介绍礼物的选择的。礼物的选择有两种方式，一是主人列出的，二是客人自己选择的。空处前一句介绍的是客人可以自行选择的礼物，A项中的also表明客人也可以选择其他的礼物，符合上下文的逻辑。同时，下文中的”there isn’t a lot of food served”说明可以带食物作为礼物的原因。故A项符合语境。
39．C【解析】根据空后内容可知，本段介绍了这种聚会的活动安排，空后一句中的however说明此处存在转折关系，故C项(乔迁聚会通常没有安排好的活动)符合语境。
40．D【解析】该段说明了这一风俗习惯的由来。空前讲到了送木柴以供取暖，结合选项可知，D项符合语境。
完型
【解析】
本文为夹叙夹议文。作者通过作者在5个暑假作为水管工父亲的助手，每天穿着大而厚的牛仔裤修理管道，认为世界是由那些愿意弄脏自己双手的人建立的。人们房屋的脏乱反映了他们生活中的脏乱。如果学会处理工作中的混乱，也能处理青春期的不确定性和矛盾，生活就是一个接受混乱并学会把它整理好的过程。
【41题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：很少有17岁的女孩知道如何将铜管焊接……。这些都是作为我父亲的水管工助手时我学到的技能。A. manners方式；B. skills技能，技巧；C. facts事实；D. rules规则。根据语境可知，这些东西是她在工作中学到的技能(skills)。故选A。
【42题详解】
考查名词辨析及语境。句意：这些都是我作为我父亲的水管工助手学到的技能。A. brother兄弟；B. dad爸爸；C. teacher老师；D. friend朋友。根据后面的my dad and I carry___8___toolboxes可知，此处是指作为爸爸(dad)的助手。故选B。
【43题详解】
“why I stand the dust and sweat” 和“I look down upon myself for being so easily annoyed by disorder”可知是身体和心理的不适，故选A。
【44题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：而这项工作要求毅力和耐心的态度。故选A。
【45题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：这种牛仔是大多数女孩都会拒绝穿的。A. need需要；B. expect期待；C. choose选择D. refuse拒绝；。这是“大而厚的男式牛仔裤”的工作服，作为女孩是不会穿的，因此要用拒绝(refuse)，故选D。
【46题详解】
考查动词辨析。把头发扎在后面，tie （用线/绳）系，栓，绑，捆，束。故选C。
【47题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：当我的同学们开始轮班照看孩子，或者卖杂货时，我和爸爸扛着沉重的工具箱，在黑暗的地下室里工作。根据常识可知，当作者跟随父亲做暑期兼职时，同学们也做其他方面的兼职工作。故选C。
【48题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：我和爸爸扛着沉重的工具箱，在黑暗的地下室里工作。A. fancy太花哨的，精致的；B. small小的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. heavy重的。根据作者工作的工种可知，做这种工种，他们的工具箱是很重的(heavy)。故选D。
【49题详解】
考查形容词辨析。选A。
【50题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：当我在空调房里做暑假作业时，有时我想知道为什么我会忍受那些灰尘和流那么多的汗水。A. know知道；B. question问(问题)，质问；C. imagine想像；D. remember记得。根据后面的“why I stand the dust and sweat …”可知，这些都是问题，所以是问 (question)。故选B。
【51题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意： 但正如我讨厌水管的混乱一样。我看不起自己，因为我很容易被混乱所困扰。A. see看见；B. clean清理；C. hate痛恨，讨厌；D. create创造。根据后一句“我看不起自己”可知，讨厌(hate)水管中的混乱。故选C。
【52题详解】
考查副词短语辨析。句意：毕竟，世界是由那些愿意弄脏自己双手的人建立的。A. Or rather确切地说；B. At least至少；C. After all毕竟；D. In addition另外，而且。根据语境可知，此处是对前面内容的解释，即“毕竟(after all)。故选C。
【53题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：世界是由那些愿意弄脏自己双手的人建立的。A. full充满的；B. dirty脏的；C. firm强有力的；D. free免费的。根据常识工人工作时会把手弄脏的(dirty)。故选B。
【54题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：五个这样的夏天教会了我：人们家里的脏乱反映了他们生活中的脏乱。A. taught教；B. promised承诺；C. advised劝告；D. guaranteed保证。根据下文的内容可知，这是作者从五个这样的夏天经历得到的经验，即就是“五个这样的夏天经历教会(taught)了我”。故选A。
【55题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：五个这样的夏天教会了我，人们家里的脏乱反映了他们生活中的脏乱。A. examine检测；B. divide划分；C. reduce减少；D. reflect反映，显示。根据语境可知，此处是指家里的脏乱反映(reflect)了生活中的脏乱。故选D。
【56题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：在我学会处理混乱的同时，我也学会了处理青春期的不确定性和矛盾。A. sort out解决(问题)，整理；B. care about关心；C. hunt for寻找；D. give up放弃。根据下文“also learn to handle the___17___”中的“handle(处理问题)”是A项中的sort out解决(问题)同义词。故选A。
【57题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：在我学会处理混乱的同时，我也学会了处理青春期的不确定性和矛盾。A. arrangements安排；B. uncertainties不确定性；C. competitions竞争；D. expectations期望。根据“the___17___and contradictions”中的and，可知，本空与contradiction(矛盾)并列关系的只有B项的 uncertainties(不确定性)符合。故选B。
【58题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：生活是一个接受混乱并学会把它整理好的过程。A. failure失败；B. help帮助；C. change变化，改变；D. chaos混乱。文中反复强调生活中有各种的“mess(混乱)”，可知D项(chaos)就是它的同义词。故选D。
【59题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：当顾客表达感激之情时，我明白了，在很小的程度上，我们让他们的生活有秩序。A. sympathy同情；B. suspicion怀疑；C. appreciation欣赏,感激 D. disapproval反对。根据文章可知，作者认为管道工人帮助他人修理管道，让人们的生活有条理，那么顾客就会感激(appreciation)。故选C。
【60题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：当顾客表达感激之情时，我明白了，在很小的程度上，我们让他们的生活有秩序。A. peace和平；B. success 成功；C. wonder奇迹；D. order秩序。根据上下文的语境可知，人们学会和处理工作和生活中的混乱，让生活有秩序(order)。故选D。
2020年部编版四年级语文下册期中测试题（Word，含答案）
2020年部编版四年级语文下册期中测试题（Word，含答案）,四年级语文期中试卷,莲山课件.
