天津市南开区2020届高三英语下学期一模试题（Word版附解析）
天津市南开区2020届高三英语下学期一模试题（Word版附解析）,高三英语下学期一模试题,天津市,南开区,莲山课件.
2020年塘沽一中高三毕业班第二次模拟考试
英语笔试
本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，共150分，考试用时120分钟。第Ⅰ卷1至12页，第Ⅱ卷12至16页。
温馨提示：疫情期间，受时间和地域限制，此次考试采用线上测试方式，答卷时，考生务必将答案填涂在答题卡上，拍照上传部分的试题按要求，拍照清楚，在规定时间内完成上传。特殊时期，请各位考生珍惜实战演练机会，独立作答！
祝各位考生考试顺利！
第Ⅰ卷
注意事项：
1. 每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
2. 本卷共55小题，共95分。
第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：单项填空（15分）
1.—I feel so nervous about the National English Speech Competition tomorrow.
— .
A. I really envy you B. Glad to hear that
C. Sounds great D. Take it easy
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：—对于明天的全国英语演讲比赛我感到非常紧张。—不要紧张。I really envy you我真的很嫉妒你；B.Glad to hear that听到这个消息很高兴；C. Sounds great听起来太好了。D. take it easy放松一下，别紧张。根据题干中的nervous(紧张)可推知答案为A 。故选A项。
2.The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents. But _______ explanations are hard to find.
A. alternative B. aggressive
C. ambiguous D. apparent
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：恐龙的消失并不一定是由天文事件引起的。但是很难找到可供选择的解释。A. alternative供选择的；B. aggressive好斗的，有进取心的；C. ambiguous模糊不清的；D. apparent显然的。根据but可知，与前文意思相反，所以可供选择的解释很少。故选A。
3.It was when I got back to my apartment ________ I first came across my new neighbors.
A. who B. where
C. which D. that
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查强调句型。句意：当我回到我的公寓的时候，我首先遇见了我的新邻居。根据关键词It was开头，可能会与that构成强调句型，但需要验证，本句中去掉It was和that，句子When I got back to my apartment I first came across my new neighbors完整，所以确定是强调句型。故选D。
【点睛】判断一句话是否是强调句的一个方法是去掉强调结构，如果这句话还能够成立就是强调句，例如这道题，去掉强调结构是：when I got back to my apartment ______ I first came across my new neighbors..这句话是成立的，所以是强调句。除了强调句的陈述句，还需要掌握强调句的一般疑问句和特殊疑问词的结构，还有强调句应用于名词性从句的语序问题。
4.【2018·江苏】Developing the Yangtze River Economic Belt is a systematic project which _______ a clear road map and timetable.
A. calls for B. calls on
C. calls off D. calls up
【答案】A
【解析】
考查动词短语词义辨析及语境理解。句意：发展长江经济带是一项需要清晰的路线图和时间表的系统工程。A. calls for需要；B. calls on号召；C. calls off取消；D. calls up使想起。故选A。
点睛：本题考查动词短语辨析。分析全句句意，再联系所学短语就不难选出正确答案。同学平时学习过程中要多注意词汇和短语 积累，尤其是含义比较多的词汇和短语。
5.China’s soft power grows ________ the increasing appreciation and understanding of China globally.
A. in line with B. in reply to
C. in return for D. in honour of
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语词义辨析及语境理解。句意：中国的软实力增长与全球对中国与日俱增的赏识和理解相一致。A. in line with按照；与……一致；B. in reply to答复；C. in return for作为……的报答；D. in honour of为纪念，为庆祝。故选A。
点睛：本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析介词短语的能力。考生平时在学习中多积累之外还需要充分利用特定语境理解词义，还应注意多辨析意思相近的介词短语，重点关注它们用法上的区别。
6.【2018·天津】Bob thought he couldn’t go to the party because he had to write a report, but he went ___________.
A. at first B. after all
C. above all D. at random
【答案】B
【解析】
考查介词短语辨析及语境理解。句意：鲍勃认为他不能去参加聚会，因为他不得不写一份报告，但他终究去了。A. at first起初；B. after all毕竟，终究。C. above all首先；D. at random随便地。根据前面的转折连词可知，与前面情况相反，故选B。
点睛：本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析短语的能力。对于短语而言，没有捷径可言，只有老老实实的记忆。考生除了要充分利用特定语境理解词义，还需要重点关注他们用法上的区别。
7.In the factory, there was a workshop_______windows were broken, so the workshop was so cold in the winter.
A. who B. which C. whose D. that
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在工厂里，有一个窗户坏了的车间，因此这个车间在冬天很冷。A. who关系代词，指人；B. which关系代词，指物；C. whose关系代词；D. that关系代词。分析句子结构可知，此处是定语从句关系词，先行词workshop在从句中充当定语，应用关系代词whose，故选C项。
【点睛】本题考查定语从句关系词。确定定语从句关系词一般分为三步：找出先行词；分析先行词在从句中充当什么成分；考虑特殊情况。以本题为例：
找出先行词：workshop
分析先行词在从句中充当什么成分：先行词workshop在从句_______windows were broken中充当Windows的定语，故用关系代词whose。
考虑特殊情况：无
故用whose，选C项。
8.The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if_____ regularly, can improve our health.
A. being carried out B. carrying out
C. carried out D. to carry out
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句的省略句。句意：实验表明，适量的锻炼，如果被定期进行，能提高人们的健康。当主从句的主语一致的情况，可以省略从句的主语和be动词，If carried out=if proper amounts of exercise are carried out。选C。
【点睛】如果主句的主语和从句的主语一致，且状语从句的谓语动词中有 be 动词，从句的主语连同be 可一起省略，该类状语从句多为时间、地点、条件、方式或让步等，连词为when, while, though, if, unless, although, as if 等，后面通常接分词、不定式、形容词、名词等。
9.There’s no doubt ______ hard work is the key to _____ your result.
A. whether; improving B. that; improving
C. whether; improve D. that; improve
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查同位从句和动名词。句意：毫无疑问，努力工作是提高成绩的关键。There’s no doubt that—“毫无疑问” 为同位语从句； the key to doing sth.“做某事的关键”。to为介词后接动名词。故选B。
10.— How does Jane put on so much weight?
— Large quantities of fat ____ recently.
A. are consumed B. is being consumed C. has been consumed D. have been consumed
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：——Jane怎么长这么胖？——最近吃了大量富含脂肪的食物。由recently判断为现在完成时，主语fat和consume之间是被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态，“large quantities of + 名词” 作主语时谓语动词用复数形式，故用have been consumed。故选D项。
【点睛】本题考查关于quantity短语的主谓一致。quantity一般构成连个短语a quantity of和quantities of，它们的用法如下：
quantities of无论修饰可数还是不可数名词、谓语动词都用复数。
例如:
Quantities of food (nuts) were on the table. 桌子上有许多食品(坚果)。
a quantity of+可数名词复数、谓语动词用复数;+不可数名词、谓语动词用单数。即修饰可数或不可数名词均可,作主语时采取就近一致的原则,其谓语动词通常与短语中of后面的名词的数保持一致。
例如:
A large quantity of beer was sold out. 大量的啤酒被售出。
A large quantity of blouses were on sale. 大量罩衫有售。
11.A dog’s eating habit requires regular training before it is ________ established.
A. properly B. widely
C. originally D. temporarily
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查副词辨析。句意：在狗的饮食习惯被正确地建立之前，需要定期的训练。A. properly正确地；B. widely广泛地；C. originally最初；D. temporarily临时地。狗的饮食习惯不可能是被“广泛地、最初地、临时地”建立，故选A。
12.________ who are able to work through the struggle are the ________ who are going to be successful.
A. Someone; one B. Anyone; one
C. He; ones D. Those; ones
【答案】D
【解析】
考查定语从句和代词。句意：那些努力工作的人是那些能够成功的人。第一空根据后面定语从句中的系动词are判断先行词是复数，故只能用those；第二空同样根据后面定语从句中的系动词are判断先行词是复数，故选D。
13.My sister met him at the cinema yesterday afternoon, so he _________ your lecture.
A. couldn’t have attended B. needn’t have attended
C. mustn’t have attended D. shouldn’t have attended
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意：我妹妹昨天下午在电影院遇到了我所以他不可能去加了你的讲座。A. couldn’t have attended不可能做某事；B. needn’t have attended本不必做某事；C. mustn’t have attended无此表达；D. shouldn’t have attended本不应该做某事。结合句意可知，此处考查对过去情况的否定推测，其结构为can’t/couldn’t have done不可能做某事，故选A项。
14._____ you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge.
A. However a serious problem B. What a serious problem
C. However serious a problem D. What serious a problem
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论你遇到多么严重的问题，你都应该鼓足勇气面对挑战。根据句意可知，此处是让步状语从句。特殊疑问词+ever/no matter +特殊疑问词，可以引导让步状语从句，又因为however引导让步状语从句时，其后应接形容词或副词，故However serious a problem符合要求。故选C项。
15.—Let’s take a coffee break.
—________ We’ve been working for hours.
A. Why bother? B. What for? C. You got me there. D. You said it.
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查情景对话。——句意：我们休息一下喝杯咖啡吧。——你算说对了。我们已经工作好几个小时了。根据下文说“我们已经工作好几个小时了”，上文应该是赞同这个建议。A. Why bother? 没有必要；B. What for? 为什么；C. You got me there. 你把我搞糊涂了；D. You said it.你算说对了。故选D符合语境。
第二节：完型填空（共20题，每题1.5分）
Sometimes a certain day has a special meaning. Fridays meant a trip to a senior nursing home downtown for me. It seemed as if this nursing home needed help, but___16___did I know it would help me, too.
During my first visit I was asked to___17___some of the female residents’ nails. I carefully____18____the old color on their nails. As I applied new color, one woman___19___to tell me about her hidden pains, from her husband’s death to the one___20___she wanted most: a camera. I listened carefully. She smiled___21___, with some of her past pains taken off her mind. I left the nursing home that day, ___22___ by the fact that I had actually helped somebody.
I realized that my___23___ actions, just listening, for example, could make a(n)___24___to others’ lives. One woman, who happily commented that we____25____the same first name, confided (吐露) her opinions to me. Another____26____showed me a birthday card her children had sent her. Of course, not all of the conversations were ____27____. When one elderly woman talked to me about ____28____ her 13-year-old daughter would be graduating from middle school this year, I didn’t know what to do but nod and listen, ____29____that her daughter must have graduated decades ago.
Although I could not____30____more years to the lives of these elderly residents, I could give them something simple that’s often____31____in our society. Through our conversations, I gave them the____32____ that in this fast-paced world, they were not forgotten—that members of younger generations still cared about them.
Every moment I spend____33____is an opportunity to reduce their pain. ___34___, that moment also shapes me. I not only learn about life and experiences outside of school but also receive the gift of being part of this____35____—the connection between humans. Those moments of sharing and listening are magical for both the giver and the receiver.
16. A. still B. little C. already D. indeed
17. A. polish B. wash C. cut D. check
18. A. took away B. rubbed off C. showed off D. gave up
19. A. continued B. expected C. agreed D. started
20. A. collection B. product C. award D. item
21. A. at least B. more or less C. in relief D. in vain
22. A. inspired B. reminded C. moved D. puzzled
23. A. unique B. polite C. casual D. simple
24. A. chance B. impression C. difference D. decision
25. A. remembered B. shared C. contained D. carried
26. A. cautiously B. accidentally C. proudly D. finally
27. A. pleasant B. serious C. formal D. interesting
28. A. when B. why C. what D. that
29. A. convincing B. knowing C. indicating D. persuading
30. A. add B. connect C. supply D. compare
31. A. valued B. loved C. blamed D. overlooked
32. A. memory B. possibility C. assurance D. assumption
33. A. chatting B. waiting C. acting D. watching
34. A. Above all B. In other words C. In turn D. In a word
35. A. tradition B. process C. habit D. trip
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. B 19. D 20. D 21. C 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. C 35. B
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者到老人院帮助老人，从中感悟到自己简单的行为也能对他人的人生产生影响，并在此过程中塑造了自己，收获了人生经历和人与人之间情感联系的故事。
【16题详解】
考查副词辨析。A. still仍然；B. little几乎不；C. already已经；D. indeed的确。根据but可知，前后有转折含义：老人院的老人似乎需要帮助，但当时“我”几乎不知道(帮助老人)这件事也将帮到“我”自己。故选B。
【17题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. polish擦除；B. wash洗；C. cut切；D. check检查。根据下文“I carefully________ the old color on their nails. As I applied new color…”可知，作者帮助老人美甲，除去旧颜色，涂上新颜色。故选A。
【18题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。A. took away带走；B. rubbed off擦掉；C. showed off炫耀；D. gave up放弃。“我”认真地擦掉她们指甲上的旧颜色。故选B。
【19题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. continued继续；B. expected期盼；C. agreed题意；D. started开始。在“我”(给她们的指甲)上新颜色的时候，一位老妇人开始向“我”讲述自己的隐痛。上下文没有提示作者主动要求听取老人的故事，因此不存在“同意”。故选D。
【20题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. collection收集；B. product产品；C. award奖励；D. item物品。从她去世 丈夫说到她最想要的物品：照相机。故选D。
【21题详解】
考查短语辨析。A. at least至少；B. more or less或多或少；C. in relief欣慰；D. in vain徒劳。根据下文“with some of her past pains taken off her mind.”可知，倾诉过之后，老人卸下了一些过去的痛苦，因此推知，她如释重负地笑了。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. inspired鼓舞；B. reminded提醒；C. moved移动；D. puzzled困惑。“我”实实在在地帮助了别人，这个事实让“我”受到了鼓舞。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. unique唯一的；B. polite有礼貌的；C. casual随意的；D. simple简单的。根据下文“just listening, for example，”以及倒数第二段“I could give them something simple…”可知，仅仅是倾听这样的简单行为……。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. chance机会；B. impression印象；C. difference不同；D. decision决定。“我”意识到自己简单的行为，比如仅仅是倾听，都能对他人的生活产生影响。make a difference意为“起作用，有影响”。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. remembered记得；B. shared分享；C. contained含有；D. carried携带。“我”们有相同的姓氏。share意为“分享，共有”。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查副词辨析。A. cautiously小心地；B. accidentally偶然地；C. proudly骄傲地；D. finally最终。另外一位老人骄傲地向“我”展示孩子寄给她的生日贺卡。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. pleasant愉快的；B. serious认真的；C. formal正式的；D. interesting有趣的。根据下文“I didn’t know what to do but nod and listen”可知，“我”不知该做些什么，只能一边点头，一边听着，由此推知，不是所有的对话(经历)都是轻松愉快的。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词性从句。A. when当……时候；B. why为什么；C. what什么；D. that只起连接作用，没有含义。根据下文“her daughter must have graduated decades ago.”可知，她的女儿一定已经在几十年前就毕业了，由此推知，这位上了年纪的老妇人把发生过的事当作将要发生的事，给“我”讲她13岁的女儿将要在今年从中学毕业。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. convincing信服；B. knowing知道；C. indicating表明；D. persuading说服。根据上文“I didn’t know what to do but nod and listen”可知，“我”不知该做些什么，只能一边点头，一边听着，(因为)“我”知道她的女儿一定已经在几十年前就毕业了。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. add增加；B. connect连接；C. supply提供；D. compare比较。尽管“我”不能使这些老年人的生命多增加几年，即延长他们的寿命。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. valued珍惜；B. loved爱；C. blamed责备；D. overlooked忽视。根据上文“something simple”以及下文“in this fast paced world”可知，“我”能够给他们一些被这个(行色匆匆的)社会忽视的简单的东西。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. memory记忆；B. possibility可能；C. assurance保证；D. assumption假想。通过“我”们谈话的过程，“我”给了他们一种保证，即在这个行色匆匆的世界，他们没有被遗忘——年轻一代的人依然关心他们。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. chatting交谈；B. waiting等待；C. acting行动；D. watching观看。根据前文“Through our conversations”可知，“我”与老人家交谈，因此推知，“我”跟他们的每一次交谈都是减轻他们痛苦的机会。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查短语辨析。A. Above all首先；B. In other words换句话说；C. In turn轮流；D. In a word总而言之。反过来，(与老人家交谈的)那些时刻也塑造了“我”。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. tradition传统；B. process过程；C. habit习惯；D. trip旅行。根据上文“Every moment I spend…”以及下文“Those moments of sharing and listening…”可知，本段的中心为“我”与老人家交谈所花的时间，由此推知，在这个过程中，“我”不但了解了学校以外的生活和经历，参与这个过程也使“我”获得了一份礼物，即人与人之间的(情感)联系。故选B。
【名师点睛】
解答完形填空 技巧：
1、可以根据词语之间的习惯搭配，或固定搭配。
2、结合生活，利用生活常识，去做恰当的选择。
3、运用上下文对照。解完形填空题时，单独看一句话是找不到正确答案的，需要读下句或者若干句才能明白。所谓上下对照，即在上文和下文中找到与正确答案相同的关键词。因此，在做题时要边读边大脑中储存上下文信息的能力，捕捉关键词。例如第2题，根据下文“I carefully________ the old color on their nails. As I applied new color…”可知，作者是帮助老人美甲，除去旧颜色，涂上新颜色。从而选择出正确答案。
4、词语或词义复现。词汇复现往往会使语篇中的句子相互衔接得更紧密，利用词语的复现，对解题很有帮助。
第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）
A
Welcome to BritainUSA. com 4 Kids！
Perhaps you are here because your child has been asked by his or her teacher to do a project on Britain. Or maybe you and your child simply want to learn more about all things British.
Well，good news：This site is here to help.
※For instance，we have a section devoted to British History & Geography. Kids will learn that Britain has not been invaded since the Normans came from France in 1066，but it was invaded many times before that. And that the invaders included groups like the Celts，
天津市河北区2020届高三英语一模试题（Word版附解析）
天津市河北区2020届高三英语一模试题（Word版附解析）,高三英语一模试题,天津市,河北区,莲山课件.
Romans Anglo-Saxons and，yes，the Vikings!
※If they are looking for photos (and kids love photos)，we have a picture gallery on the 4kids site. There are pictures from England，Scotland，Wales and Northern Ireland as well as images of London，the Royal Family and castles.
※Kids can also find out about the many differences between British English and American English. Words are used differently of course，and many English words have different meanings in Britain or are unique to British culture. Kids should check out our glossary of British terms.
※We also have information about Pen Pals. And scouts might want to visit our section on the Citizenship in the World Merit Badge. It includes information on how to write to the Embassy.
※We also have sections on British sports and about life in Britain. How is life different for kids in the United Kingdom？These and other questions can be answered by using the 4kids site，the main Britain USA site，and our Frequently Asked Questions.
Enjoy the site and we hope you and your kids learn a lot. If you have any comments or suggestions about BritainUSA or BritainUSA 4Kids，please use our feedback form. We’d welcome your input.
Cheers!
36. We can see that BritainUSA. com 4Kids is designed to help us___.
A. understand British history better
B. have a better understanding of American culture
C. improve our English
D. have a better understanding of Britain
37. According to the passage，who CAN’T benefit from visiting BritainUSA. com 4Kids？___
A. Helen, who wants to see pictures of British royal families.
B. Daniel, who wants to know about British football teams.
C. Alisa，who is choosing an ideal college in Britain.
D. Philip，who is looking for a pen pal in Britain.
38. If you want to express your dissatisfaction with the site，you should go to the___
A. picture gallery
B. frequently asked questions
C. glossary of British terms
D. feedback form
39. What does the underlined word “glossary” in Paragraph 4 mean in English？___
A. A list of technical or special words
B. Some comments
C. Some suggestions
D. A piece of advice
40. The above writing is most probably intended for___
A. children B. teachers
C. parents D. children experts.
【答案】36. D 37. C 38. D 39. A 40. C
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。文章向家长介绍了一个关于英国文化知识的网站，在这里可以做许多事情，增进对英国的了解。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段的 Perhaps you are here because your child has been asked by his or her teacher to do a project on Britain．Or maybe you and your child simply want to learn more about all things British．(或许你进入这个网站是因为你的孩子被老师要求做一个关于英国的研究。也或许是你的你的孩子只是想了解更多关于英国的事情)可知，这个网站会让你对英国多一些了解。D. have a better understanding of Britain(对英国更加了解)符合以上说法，故选D项。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段第一点的If they are looking for photos；第四的We also have information about Pen Pals，和第五点的We also have sections on British sports and about life in Britain．可知，在该网站可以寻找照片，有关于笔友的信息和英国运动的介绍。因此想要了解这些内容的人可以从该网站受益。C. Alisa，who is choosing an ideal college in Britain. (Alisa，想在英国选理想大学)并未提及。故选C项。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。由最后一句If you have any comments or suggestions about BritainUSA or BritainUSA 4Kids，please use our feedback form．可知，如果你不满意可以去反馈平台。D. feedback form(反馈平台)符合以上说法，故选D项。
【39题详解】
词义猜测题。由前面的many English words have different meanings in Britain or are unique to British culture．可知，许多英语单词在英国有不同的意思，或者是英国文化独有的。这是在讲英国文化中的特殊的词和专业词汇，由此推测划线部分的意思是“专业或者特殊词汇表”。A. A list of technical or special words(专业或特殊词汇表)符合以上说法，故选A项。
【40题详解】
推断判断题。由第一段的 Perhaps you are here because your child has been asked by his or her teacher to do a project on Britain. Or maybe you and your child simply want to learn more about all things British. (或许你进入这个网站是因为你的孩子被老师要求做一个关于英国的研究。也或许是你的你的孩子只是想了解更多关于英国的事情)可推测，这是写给家长的。C. parents(家长)符合以上推测，故选C项。
B
Electric cars are dirty. In fact, not only are they dirty, they might even be more dirty than their gasoline-powered cousins.
People in California love to talk about “zero-emissions(排放) vehicles”, but people in California seem to be clueless about where electricity comes from. Power plants mostly use fire to make it. Aside from the new folks who have their roofs covered with solar cells, we get our electricity from generators(发电机). Generators are fueled by something–usually coal, oil, but also by heat generated in nuclear power plants. There are a few wind farms and geothermal
(地热) plants as well, but by far we get electricity mainly by burning something.
In other words, those “zero-emissions” cars are likely coal-burning cars. It’s just because the coal is burned somewhere else, it looks clean. It is not. It’s as if the California Greens are covering their eyes—“If I can’t see it, it’s not happening.” Gasoline is an incredibly efficient way to power a vehicle; a gallon of gas has a lot of energy in it. But when you take that gas (or another fuel) and first use it to make electricity, you waste a nice part of that energy, mostly in the form of wasted heat—at the generator, through the transmission lines, etc.
A gallon of gas may propel your car 25 miles. But the electricity you get from that gallon of gas won’t get you nearly as far—so electric cars burn more fuel than gasoline-powered ones. If our electricity came mostly from nukes or geothermal, or hydro or wind or solar, then an electric car truly would be clean. But for political, technical, and economic reasons, we don’t use much of those energy sources.
In addition, electric cars’ batteries which are poisonous for a long time will eventually end up in a landfill. And finally, when cars are the polluters, the pollution is spread across all the roads. When it’s a power plant, though, all the junk is in one place. Nature is very good at cleaning up when things are too concentrated, but it takes a lot longer when all the garbage is in one spot.
41. What does “clueless” mean in paragraph 2?
A. People see the California Greens everywhere.
B. People there have no idea that so far electricity mainly comes from burning coal, oil, etc.
C. People in California love to have their roofs covered with solar cells.
D. People in California love to talk about zero-emissions vehicles.
42. What is the main idea of the text?
A. Electric cars are not clean at all.
B. Electric cars are better than gasoline-powered ones.
C. People cast doubts on electric cars’ batteries.
D. Gasoline is an efficient way to power a vehicle.
43. The electricity we get from a gallon of gas may make our car run ________.
A. not less than 25 miles B. as far as 50 miles
C. as far as 25 miles D. not more than 25 miles
44. According to the text, electric cars ________.
A. are more environmentally friendly
B. burn more fuel than gas-powered ones
C. are very good at cleaning up when things are not too concentrated
D. are poisonous for a long time and will eventually end up in a landfill
45. It can be inferred from the text that ________.
A. being green is good and should be encouraged in communication
B. electric cars are now the dominant vehicle compared with gasoline-powered cousins
C. zero-emissions vehicles should be chosen to protect our environment
D. electric cars are not clean because we get electricity mainly by burning something
【答案】41. B 42. A 43. D 44. B 45. D
【解析】
本文是一篇科普类阅读。电动车真的没有污染吗？实际上并不是这样的，电动车比现在的汽油车可能会导致更多的污染，因为它所使用的电主要是靠燃烧煤炭来产生的。
【41题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章第二段People in California love to talk about “zero-emissions(排放) vehicles”, but people in California seem to be clueless about where electricity comes from.说明，加利福尼亚的人喜欢谈论零排放的汽车，但是加利福尼亚的人似乎对电的来源不清楚。再根据本段最后一句There are a few wind farms and geothermal(地热) plants as well, but by far we get electricity mainly by burning something.可知，该词应该指“不清楚，不理解电动车所需要的电主要来自于火力发电”。故选B。
【42题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一句Electric cars are dirty. In fact, not only are they dirty, they might even be more dirty than their gasoline-powered cousins.说明，电动车一点也不环保，有可能更脏。故选A。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中A gallon of gas may drive your car 25 miles. But the electricity you get from that gallon of gas won’t get you nearly as far说明，一加仑汽油可能让你的汽车跑25英里，但用一加仑汽油发出来的电则不能让你的电动汽车跑25英里，也就是不超过25英里，故选D。
【44题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段But the electricity you get from that gallon of gas won’t get you nearly as far— so electric cars burn more fuel than gasoline-powered ones.可知，电动车消耗的能源比汽油车要多。故选B。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容可知，电动车所需要的电，是需要通过燃烧煤炭等自然资源的，所以电动车并不如人们所认为的那样清洁无污染。故选D。
C
In only two decades Asian Americans have become the fastest growing U.S. minority. As their children began moving up through the nation schools，it became clear that a new class of academic achievers was emerging. Their achievements are reflected in the nation’s best universities，where mathematics，science and engineering departments have taken on a decidedly Asian character. This special liking for mathematics and science is partly explained by the fact that Asian-American students who began their education abroad arrived in the U.S. with a solid grounding in mathematics but little or no knowledge of English. They are also influenced by the promise of a good job after college. Asians feel there will be less unfair treatment in areas like mathematics and science because they will be judged more objectively. And the return on the investment in education is more immediate in something like engineering than with an art degree.
Most Asian-American students owe their success to the influence of parents who are determined that their children take full advantage of what the American educational system has to offer. An effective measure of parental attention is homework. Asian parents spend more time with their children than American parents do, and it helps. Many researchers also believe there is something in Asian culture that makes success，such as ideals that stress family values and emphasize education.
Both explanations for academic success worry Asian Americans because of fears that they feed a typical racial image. Many can remember when Chinese, Japanese and Filipino immigrants were the victims of social isolation(隔离). Indeed, it was not until 1952 that laws were laid down giving all Asian immigrants the right to citizenship.
46. With making outstanding achievements at college，Asian- American students ________.
A. feel they are mistreated because of limited knowledge of English
B. are afraid that their academic successes are not recognized
C. still worry about unfair treatment in society for their origin
D. generally feel it a shame to have to depend on their parents
47. What are the major factors that determine the success of Asian Americans?
A. A solid foundation in basic mathematics and Asian culture.
B. Hard work and intelligence.
C. Parents’ help and a limited knowledge of English.
D. Asian culture and the American educational system.
48. Few Asian American students major in human sciences mainly because ________.
A. their English is not good enough
B. they are afraid they might meet with unfair judgment in these areas
C. there is a wide difference between Asian and Western cultures
D. they know little about American culture and society
49. Why do “both explanations” (Para.3) worry Asian Americans?
A. They are afraid that they would again be separated from American society.
B. People will think that Asian students rely on their parents for success.
C. Asian Americans will be a threat to other minorities.
D. Americans fear the academic achievements made by Asian Americans.
50. Before 1952 in America，________.
A. Asian Americans could not be academically successful
B. there were few immigrants from East and Southeast Asia
C. immigrants were not equally treated by Asian Americans
D. immigrants from East and Southeast Asia were looked down upon
【答案】46. C 47. D 48. B 49. A 50. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。在短短二十年的时间里，亚裔美国人就成了增长最快的少数民族。他们的孩子学习成绩优异，这可能与他们的家教有关，然而正是这让家长担心他们所培养出的典型种族形象会招致社会隔离。
【46题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的Both explanations for academic success worry Asian Americans because of fears that they feed a typical racial image. （这两种对学术成就的解释都让亚裔美国人担心，因为他们担心这会给他们带来典型的种族形象）。可知，尽管学习成绩优秀，亚洲学生仍然担心因为自己的出生而受到不公平的对待。C. still worry about unfair treatment in society for their origin(仍然担心因他们的出生在社会上受到不公平待遇)符合以上说法，故选C项。
【47题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的Most Asian-American students owe their success to the influence of parents who are determined that their children take full advantage of what the American educational system has to offer.( 大多数亚裔美国学生的成功归功于父母的影响力，他们决心让自己的孩子充分利用美国教育体系的优势)可知，美国的教育体系和亚洲父母对孩子管教的传统铸就了亚裔美国学生的成功。D. Asian culture and the American educational system.(亚洲文化和美国教育体系)符合以上个说法，故选D项。
【48题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段的Asians feel there will be less unfair treatment in areas like mathematics and science because they will be judged more objectively.( 亚洲人认为，在数学和科学等领域受到的不公平待遇会减少，因为他们会受到客观的评价)可推断，对人文科学成就的评价带有主观因素，因而更容易受到不公平对待。B. they are afraid they might meet with unfair judgment in these areas(他们担心在这些领域他们会受到不公平的评价)符合以上推测，故选B项。
【49题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的Both explanations for academic success worry Asian Americans because of fears that they feed a typical racial image. Many can remember when Chinese, Japanese and Filipino immigrants were the victims of social isolation(隔离). (这两种对学术成就的解释都让亚裔美国人担心，因为他们担心这会给他们带来典型的种族形象。许多人还记得，中国、日本和菲律宾移民曾是社会隔离的受害者的那段时间。实际上，直到1952年，法律才给所有的亚洲移民享有公民的权利)可知，他们担心的原因是害怕被美国社会隔离。A. They are afraid that they would again be separated from American society.(他们担心再次被美国社会隔离)符合以上说法，故选A项。
【50题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的Indeed, it was not until 1952 that laws were laid down giving all Asian immigrants the right to citizenship.(实际上，直到1952年，法律才给所有的亚洲移民公民的权利)可推测，在1952年以前东亚和东南亚移民受到美国社会的歧视，因为美国没有给与他们公民权利。D. immigrants from East and Southeast Asia were looked down upon(来自东亚和东南亚的移民受到歧视)符合以上推测，故选D项。
D
It’s amazing how we grow from careless kids to responsible teens. What happens in the course that makes us responsible now? It’s the seed that we sow in the beginning which grows and becomes a huge tree.
As a kid, I used to read a lot of story books. In one particular book, I read a story of a bird. It described a male bird which takes a lot of pain to build a nest and the female bird takes shelter in it and nourishes the baby. When the bird learns to fly, the whole family flies off to a different place leaving behind the beautiful nest for other birds to grow their family in it. It made me wonder. How could they so easily sacrifice their house built with so much effort?
One night, when I was deep in sleep, I got this particular dream. I was walking miles on the endless road, totally isolated but lined with beautiful trees on either side. I happened to stop upon seeing something. It was a wonderful house with every corner touched artistically and lovingly. I don’t know why I felt that it was done lovingly. Maybe because, things turn out to be beautiful only when we put our love into it – just like the food prepared by mom which tastes more delicious with her love.
I explored the house only to fall more in love with it. There was a sloping roof which matched with the greenery around; the large central open courtyard reminded me of the activities that might have taken place there which felt lively even now when it is completely deserted. The small water body that kept the house cool added to the beauty of the house – of course, it was all dried up now. It’s really wonderful how such things add life to the spaces which otherwise just become structures. Such liveliness and happening turns the house into a home.
When I woke up from the dream, I was clear about everything. I realized where that mile of walk was intending me to lead. I realized what message my dream wanted to convey me. And years later, when finally my turn of choosing my destination came, I simply closed my eyes. When I opened my eyes, I was sure what to do. I decided to choose the road – less traveled. Yes, I took up architecture as my profession because this is what I am destined to do. I wanted to do the same thing that the male bird in the story did, to take pain in building a beautiful house and let others stay in it.
51. When the writer read the story of the bird, he probably felt _______.
A. upset B. confused
C. amazed D. amused
52. To the writer, ”the seed that we sow in the beginning” (Paragraph 1) is _______.
A. the story of the bird B. his mother’s food
C. the house in his dream D. his story books
53. Mom’s food always tastes better because _______.
A. mom cooks with her love B. we are so familiar with mom’s food
C. moms are better cooks than fathers D. mom is experienced in cooking
54. In the writer’s dream, what part of the house attracted him most?
A. The greenery surrounding the house.
B. The body of water that keeps the house cool.
C. The liveliness he sensed around the house.
D. The fact that the house was very large.
55. The above passage is mainly about _______.
A. how the writer finally becomes an honest citizen
B. where the true meaning of responsibility lies
C. what we need to do when we are seeking fortune
D. why the writer takes up architecture as his career
【答案】51. B 52. A 53. A 54. C 55. D
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者读书时看到了一个故事，从中学到自己要做一个负责任的人，并且坚定了自己要当建筑师的理想。
【51题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的How could they so easily sacrifice their house built with so much effort？可知，作者在思考为何鸟儿可以如此轻易地牺牲自己费力搭建的鸟巢，故推测当作者读到这只鸟的故事时，他感到困惑。B. confused(感到困惑的)符合以上说法，故选B项。
【52题详解】
推理判断题．根据文章的第一段It’s the seed that we sow in the beginning which grows and becomes a huge tree．(我们最开始种的那颗种子变成了一个参天大树)以及和最后一段中的I took up architecture as my profession because this is what I am destined to do．I wanted to do the same thing that the male bird in the story did，to take pain in building a beautiful house and let others stay in it．(我选择建筑业作为我的专业，因为这是我命中注定要做的事情。我想做和故事中公鸟一样的事情，努力建造一所漂亮的房子，让别人住在里面)。由此判断出对作者来说，“我们在一开始播下的种子”是指鸟的故事。A. the story of the bird(鸟的故事)符合以上说法，故选A项。
【53题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的just like the food prepared by mom which tastes more delicious with her love．可知，母亲做的饭之所以好吃，是因为她在用她的“爱”在做饭。A. mom cooks with her love(妈妈用爱在做)符合以上说法，故选A项。
【54题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的I explored the house only to fall more in love with it. There was a sloping roof which matched with the greenery around; the large central open courtyard reminded me of the activities that might have taken place there which felt lively even now when it is completely deserted．(我去探索了这所房子，却更爱它了。有一个倾斜的屋顶与周围的绿色植物相匹配；宽敞的中央露天庭院让我想起了可能在那里进行活动，即使现在它被完全废弃了，仍然感觉很有生气)可知，房子里充满生机最能吸引作者。C. The liveliness he sensed around the house. (他在房子附近感受到的生气)符合以上说法，故选C项。
【55题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其是最后一段的When I opened my eyes, I was sure what to do. I decided to choose the road – less traveled. Yes, I took up architecture as my profession because this is what I am destined to do.(当睁开眼睛时，我知道该做什么了。我决定选择一条少有人走的路。是的，我选择了建筑作为我的职业，因为这是我命中注定要做的事)可知，本文主要讲述作者为什么选择建筑作为他的职业。D. why the writer takes up architecture as his career(为什么作者选择建筑作为他的职业)符合以上说法，故选D项。
第Ⅱ卷
注意事项：
1. 用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。
2. 本卷共6小题，共35分。
第三部分：写作
第一节
阅读表达
Why do Americans struggle with watching their weight while the French, who consume rich food, continue to stay thin? Now a research by Cornell University suggests how life style and decisions about eating may affect weight. Researchers conclude that the French tend to stop eating when they feel full. However, Americans tend to stop when their plate is empty or their favorite TV show is over.
According to Dr. Joseph Mercola, a health expert, the French see eating as an important part of their life style. They enjoy food and therefore spend a fairly long time at the table, while Americans see eating as something to be squeezed between the other daily activities. Mercola believes Americans lose the ability to sense when they are actually full. So they keep eating long after the French would have stopped. In addition, he points out that Americans drive to huge supermarkets to buy canned and frozen foods for the week. The French, instead, tend to shop daily, walking to small shops and farmers’ markets where they have a choice of fresh fruits, vegetables, and eggs as well as high-quality meats for each meal.
After a visit to the United States, Mireille Guiliano, author of French Women. Don’t Get Fat, decided to write about the importance of knowing when to stop rather than suggesting how to avoid food. Today she continues to stay slim and rarely goes to the gym.
In spite of all these differences, evidence shows that recent life style changes may be affecting French eating habits. Today the rate of obesity among adults is only 6%. However, as American fast food gains acceptance and the young reject older traditions, the obesity rate among French children has been growing.
56. What does the research by Cornell University show? (No more than 10 words)
____________________________________________________________________________
57. What do the French think of eating according to Dr. Joseph Mercola? (No more than 15 words)
____________________________________________________________________________
58. Why do you think Mireille Guiliano can stay thin though she rarely goes to the gym? (No more than 10 words)
____________________________________________________________________________
59. What does the underlined sentence mean in the last paragraph? (No more than 15 words)
____________________________________________________________________________
60. Do you think enjoying food has close connection with getting fat? Give your reasons. (No more than 25 words)
____________________________________________________________________________
【答案】56. How life style and decisions about eating may affect weight.
57. They think of / see eating as an important part of their life style.
58. Because she knows when to stop during a meal. / She can control the amount of food she eats. / She knows the importance of stopping when she’s full.
59. The rate/percentage of being fat among French children has been growing
60. I don’t think so, because you can enjoy food and avoid getting fat at the same time if you know when to stop during a meal.
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了为什么美国人很难控制自己的体重，而吃油腻食物的法国人却能保持苗条呢?的原因。
【56题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的Now a research by Cornell University suggests how life style and decisions about eating may affect weight.可知，一个由美国康奈大学的研究表明，生活方式和饮食决定可能会影响体重。故回答为How life style and decisions about eating may affect weight.
【57题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的According to Dr. Joseph Mercola, a health expert, the French see eating as an important part of their life style.可知，健康专家Dr. Joseph Mercola说，法国人把吃看作他们生活中的重要部分。故回答为They think of / see eating as an important part of their life style.
【58题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的After a visit to the United States, Mireille Guiliano, author of French Women. Don’t Get Fat, decided to write about the importance of knowing when to stop rather than suggesting how to avoid food.(《法国女人》的作者Mireille Guiliano在访问美国后说：《不要发胖》决定写关于何时停止进食的重要性，而非建议如何避免进食)可推测，Mireille Guiliano很少去健身房，但又没有长胖的原因是她知道何时应该停止进食。故回答为Because she knows when to stop during a meal. / She can control the amount of food she eats. / She knows the importance of stopping when she’s full.
【59题详解】
词义猜测题。根据最后一段的However, as American fast food gains acceptance and the young reject older traditions, the obesity rate among French children has been growing.可知，然而，随着美国快餐逐渐被接受，法国年轻人拒绝传统食物。所以这些导致了the obesity rate among French children has been growing.“法国儿童的肥胖率也在上升”。所以猜测划线部分的意思是“法国年轻一代的肥胖率一直在增长”。故回答为The rate/percentage of being fat among French children has been growing.
【60题详解】
开放题型。先表明自己的观点，然后陈述原因。例如：I don’t think so, because you can enjoy food and avoid getting fat at the same time if you know when to stop during a meal.故回答为I don’t think so, because you can enjoy food and avoid getting fat at the same time if you know when to stop during a meal.
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
61.假定你是晨光中学的学生李津，你和几位同学成立了一个英语俱乐部，开展了为期两个月的活动。现在，你将代表俱乐部在课堂上进行经验交流，请写一篇发言稿，内容如下：
1.简要描述俱乐部开展的相关活动（如观看英文电影、阅读英文经典等方面）；
2.谈谈你们开展该活动的收获和感想；
3.表达期望。
注意：1.短文词数不少于100 ;
2.可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；
3.不能出现本人真实信息；
4.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear friends,
How time flies!
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you!
【答案】Dear friends,
How time flies! It is more than two months since our English Club was set up by several classmates and me. On behalf of my classmates, I’d like to talk about something about our club.
So far we have conducted a variety of activities on English learning, such as watching English films, reading classic English novels, holding a Christmas party and so on. Every member took an active part in the activities. Many members said the activities benefited them a lot. Not only did they improve their English, but also they brought them much fun. Personally, I think it is really a good idea to set up the club.
It is hoped that our club is growing stronger and more mature. And welcome more classmates to the club.
That’s all Thank you.
【解析】
【分析】
考查应用文中的发言稿写作。
【详解】题目要求假定你是晨光中学的学生李津，你和几位同学成立了一个英语俱乐部，开展了为期两个月的活动。现在，你将代表俱乐部在课堂上进行经验交流，请写一篇发言稿，内容如下：1.简要描述俱乐部开展的相关活动（如观看英文电影、阅读英文经典等方面）；2.谈谈你们开展该活动的收获和感想；3.表达期望。分析可知，应该以第一人称和第三人称，一般现在时进行写作。要点已经给出，要求考生根据提纲自己发挥拓展，考生要先想好写哪几点，运用合适的语法规则和词汇把各要点都准确表述出。描述要尽量选择简洁的语言，难点在于选择词汇和句型，可以灵活运用高级词汇和固定短语准确表述。还要用适当的连接词把句子连接起来，这样文章显得更连贯。
【点睛】这篇书信类短文的关键在于要点的拓展，同时注意谋篇布局的顺序，运用合适的连接词连接全文，同时选择高级的词汇和语法项目让文章更有文采。如：Many members said the activities benefited them a lot.宾语从句的运用；It is more than two months since our English Club was set up by several classmates and me.since引导的时间状语从句。
第四部分：听力（共两节，满分20分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
62. What will the speakers do next?
A. Make a presentation.
B. Revise the documents.
C. Find another print shop.
63. What are the speakers talking about?
A. A storm. B. A flood. C. A garden
64. How does the woman find the film?
A. Funny. B. Popular. C. Boring
65. Why did Bill get fired?
A. He was always late for work
B. He made a big mistake at work.
C. He needed some rest for his illness.
66. What could Maria see in her old flat?
A. The fields. B. A brick wall C. The railway line.
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第67至第69小题。
67. How many babies did Tina give birth to?
A. 2. B. 3. C. 4.
68. Who did the man get the news from?
A. A doctor. B. Tina’ sister. C. Tina’s husband
69. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Neighbors. B. Colleagues. C. Doctor and patient.
听下面一段对话，回答第70至第72小题。
70. Where does the woman work?
A. In an advertising agency. B. In a restaurant. C. In a gym.
71. What does the man usually do on Fridays?
A. He goes to exercise class. B. He visits friends. C. He watches TV.
72.. When do the man and his wife always go sailing together?
A. On Saturday mornings. B. On Saturday afternoons C. On Saturday evenings.
听下面一段独白，回答第73至第76小题。
73. What is the speaker?
A. A reporter. B. A student. C. A headmaster.
74. When did the school move to Aberdeen?
A. In 2000. B. In 1990. C. In 1960.
75. What did the school build last year?
A. Two chemistry labs. B. Two physics labs C. A biology lab
76. What does the school aim at?
A. Offering the children best education.
B. Developing students’ interest in study.
C. Becoming the most famous secondary school.
天津名校2020届高三英语高考模拟金典卷（四）试题（Word版附解析）
天津名校2020届高三英语高考模拟金典卷（四）试题（Word版附解析）,高三英语高考模拟金典卷,天津,莲山课件.
